Smoke filter

ABSTRACT

A porous filter is provided which is effective for removing undesirable materials such as particulate matter from smoke, including tobacco smoke, comprising an organopolysiloxane disposed in the conduit through which the smoke is forced to pass, the said filter being formed of an organopolysiloxane of the formula: (R)a(R&#39;&#39;)b SiO (4-a- b)/2 Where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the group consisting of cyanalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyl, uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R&#39;&#39; is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5 inclusive, and the sum of a+ b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive, mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler. The filter can be used in combination with a cigarette, or as an anti-air pollution device. The organopolysiloxane can also be carried on a porous substrate such as polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride.

United States Patent Clark 7 1451 May 16, 1972 1541 SMOKE FILTER RobertF. Clark, Schenectady, N.Y.

[73] Assignee: General Electric Company [22] Filed: Nov. 27, 1970 [2]]Appl. No.: 93,504

[72] Inventor:

Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 749,380, Aug.1, 1968, abandoned.

' [52] 0.8. CI ..l31/265, 55/522, 260/46.5 E,

260/465 Y, 260/465 R, 260/37 SB, 260/2.5 S, 260/2.5 R, 260/2.5 A,131/269 [51] Int. C1. ..A24b 15/02, 801d 39/00 [58] Field of Search131/264-2459; 55/528, 522; 260/37 SB, 2.5 S, 2.5 R, 2.5 A, 46.5 E, r v46.5 Y, 46.5 R

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,026,278 3/1962 Walton etal. ..260/18 3,032,445 5/1962 Hamon ...131/269 X 3,050,492 8/1962Polmanteer et a1 ..260/37 3,070,555 12/1962 Bruner ....260/2.5 3,185,6635/1965 Prober ..260/46.5 3,347,245 10/1967 Hawkins ...131/262 X3,360,538 12/1967 Ashby ...260/448.2

Murphy ..260/2.5

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 721,162 12/1954 Great Britain 131/267753,203 7/1956 Great Britain.... .....131/265 1,065,312 9/1959 Germany 13 1/267 908,185 10/ l 962 Great Britain 10.5/

Primary Examiner-Melvin D. Rein 1 ABSTRACT A porous filter is providedwhich is effective for removing undesirable materials such asparticulate matter from smoke, including tobacco smoke, comprising anorganopolysiloxane disposed in the conduit through which the smoke isforced to pass, the said filter being formed of an organopolysiloxane ofthe formula:

Where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of cyanalkyl,fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl,

' arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyl, uriedoalkyl andnitroaryl, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5

inclusive, and the sum of a+b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive,mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler. The filter can be used incombination with a cigarette, or as an anti-air pollution device. Theorganopolysiloxane can also be carried on a porous substrate such aspolyurethane or polyvinyl chloride.

18 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures Patented May 16, 1972 3,662,765

[2) Vs rvt'ar" Faber? F/arv SMOKE FILTER This application is acontinuation of application Ser. No. 749,380, filed Aug. 1, 1968, nowabandoned.

The present invention relates to a porous filter for removingundesirable materials from smoke comprising an organopolysiloxane havingmonovalent polar organoradicals attached to silicon, and to a cigaretteutilizing such filter.

Prior to the present invention, various means were employed to removeundesirable components from smoke. For example, various filters areemployed in combination with cigarettes to remove solids and volatilesfrom tobacco smoke, to reduce the tendency of such smoke to impair thehealth of the smoker, stain the smokers hands and teeth, etc. A varietyof tobacco smoke filters are available in the form of mechanicalstructures, finelydivided absorbent materials, chemicals, etc. Althoughsome tobacco smoke filters have been found to be selective for removingparticular volatile components, such as metallic carbonyls, from tobaccosmoke, a more effective filter for removing particulate matter isrequired. The term particulatemat'ter" when employed hereinafter in thedescription of the present invention can signify solid and volatilematerials carried by smoke. Y

The present invention is based on the discovery that a highly effectiveporousfilter capable of removing particulate matter from smoke, can bemade utilizing an organopolysiloxane having monovalent polarorganoradicals attached to silicon by carbon-silicon linkages. Thefilter provided by the present invention can be employed as an anti-airpollution device such as on automobile exhausts, smoke stacks, airconditioner intakes, etc, in addition to its use with cigarettes.

FIG. I is a perspective view of a cigarette incorporating an embodimentof the invention. Such cigarette, for example, can have an overalllength of 85 mm., including a tobacco portion 10, wrapped in paper 11,and a filter overwrap section 12, which can be 25 mm. The filter portioncan incorporate porous plugs 13 and 14 with the organopolysiloxanepolymer 15,'in a particulate form utilizing a finely divided carrier. Inaddition, as described hereinafter, the filter element of the cigaretteof FIG. 1 can employ a porous organopolysiloxane foam in place of theorganopolysiloxane in particulate form at 15, or an organic foam, forexample, a polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, etc., which has beentreated with the organopolysiloxane polymer in accordance with thepractice of the invention.

As shown by FIG. 2, the porous filter of the present invention can brainthe form of a cartridge filter assembly containing theorganopolysiloxane 20, in a particulate form on a finely dividedcarrier. This cartridge filter assembly can be insertedinto pipes,cigarette holders, or anti-air pollution devices. It consists of a tube21 of paper, plastic material, or metal fitted at each end with plugs 22and 23 of porous material such as cellulose acetate, or foam materialsuch as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride,organopolysiloxane, etc.

FIG. 3 shows the cartridge filter assembly containing theorganopolysiloxane in the form of a foam, or an organic foam treatedwith the organopolysiloxane. FIG. 4 is a cross section of the foam inFIG. 3.

There is provided by the present invention, a porous filter capable ofremoving particulate matter from smoke comprising (A) 100 parts of anorganopolysiloxane of the formula:

)n( )a rfamm and (B) to 300 parts of filler, where R is a monovalentpolar organoradical, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has avalue equal to 0.1 to 3 inclusive, b has a value equal to O to 2.5inclusive, and the sum of a b has a value equal to l to 3 inclusive.

Radicals included by R of Formula (1) are for example, polar radicalssuch as cyanoalkyl fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl, nitroaryl. Preferably, R iscyanoalkyl such as cyanoethyl, cyanopropyl, cyanobutyl, etc. Inaddition, R can be nitrophenyl, nitrotolyl, trifluoropropyl,3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutyl, carbamylaminoethyl, phenylsulfonylpropyl, etc.Radicals included by R are aryl radicals, such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl,naphthyl, etc.; aralkyl, such as benzyl, phenylethyl, etc.; alkylradicals, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, etc.; alkenylradicals, such as vinyl, allyl, l-butenyl, etc.; alkynyl radicals, suchas ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, etc. I

-The porous filter of the present invention comprising theorganopolysiloxane of Formula I) can be employed in particulate formwhen utilized in combination with a finely divided carrier, such as asilica filler, diatomaceous earth, carbon black, powdered celluloseacetate, etc. The porous filter of the present invention also can beutilized in the form of a foam of the organopolysiloxane of Formula (1).Additionally, the porous filter of the present invention can be in theform of a treated porous structure, such as a cotton, organic foams,referred to above such as polyurethane foam, etc., by contacting suchstructure with the organopolysiloxane of Formula l in liquid or gaseousform, or in the form of an organic solvent solution.

The organopolysiloxanes of Formula (I) include for example, resins,gums, and fluids having cyanoalkyl radicals attached to silicon. Suchcyanoalkylpolysilox' anes are shown for example, by Prober, U.S. Pat.No. 3,185,663 assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.Some-of the cyanoalkylpolysiloxanes can be made by equilibration oforganocyclopolysiloxanes, such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane withcyanoalkylpolysiloxane, such as 2,4,6,8-tetra-methyl-2,4,6,8-tetra-beta-cyanoethylcyclotetrasiloxane. In addition, thesecyanoalkylpolysiloxanes can be made by cohydroly'zingorganochlorosilanes, such as dimethyldichlorosilane withorganocyanoalkylsilanes, such as methyl-beta-cyanoethyldichlorosilane.

The preferred organopolysiloxane of the present invention areorganopolysiloxane gums having from 1.95 to 2.01 organoradicals attachedto silicon by carbon-silicon linkage selected from cyanoalkyl radicalsand a mixture of cyanoalkyl radicals and monovalent hydrocarbon radicalssuch as methyl radicals, phenyl radicals and vinyl radicals. Theseorganopolysiloxanes can have intrinsic viscosities in methylethyl ketoneat 25 C of from about 0.5 to about 2. These cyanoalkylpolysiloxanes canconsist of from about 10 to mole per cent of chemically combined.cyanoalkyl substituted siloxy units, having at least one and up tothree cyanoalkyl radicals, such as B-cyanoethy] radicals or'y-cyanopropyl radicals attached to silicon while the balance of theradicals are preferably selected from methyl, a mixture of methyl andphenyl, a mixture of vinyl and methyl and a mixture of methyl, vinyl andphenyl. These polydiorganosiloxanes can have terminal silanol radicals,triorganosiloxy units which can be substituted with either cyanoalkylradicals and the aforementioned monovalent hydrocarbon radicalspreviously recited, or a mixture thereof, or a mixture of silanol andsuch triorganosiloxy units.

In addition to the aforementioned essentially linearcyanoalkylpolysiloxanes consisting essentially of chemically combinedorganocyanoalkylsiloxy units and diorganosiloxy units, there also can beutilized in the practice of the present invention cyanoalkylsiloxanecopolymers in the form of resinous materials as shown by Walton et al.,US. Pat. No. 3,026,278. Some of the nitroarylsiloxanes which can beemployed in the practice of the invention are shown by Bailey etal., US.Pat. No. 3,375,318. Typical of the fluoroalkylsiloxanes which can beutilized in the practice of the invention are thetetrafluorobutyl-substituted siloxanes taught by Ashby, as? signed tothe same assignee as the present invention. Further examples of thefluoroalkylsiloxanes which can be utilized in the practice of theinvention are shown by Polmanteer et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,050,492.

The preparation of the porous filter of the present invention in theform of finely divided powder comprising the organopolysiloxane polymerof Formula (1) and a filler, such as a silica filler, can be achieved bymeans known to the art. For example, a cyanoalkylpolysiloxane polymerhaving an average ratio of about two organoradicals per silicon atom anda viscosity of at least 100,000 centipoises at 25 C having from 10 to100 mole per cent chemically combined cyanoalkylsiloxy units, such asbeta-cyanoethylsiloxy units chemically combined with from to 90 mole percent of organosiloxy units, such as methylsiloxy or phenylsiloxy units,can be blended with a suitable filler. Suitable fillers include forexample, reinforcing and semi-reinforcing fillers. Reinforcing fillersinclude for example, silica fillers such as fume silica, precipitatedsilica, silica aerogel, etc. Semi-reinforcing fillers includediatomaceous earth, perlite, ground quartz, etc. A proportion of from 20to 75 parts of reinforcing filler can be utilized while up to 300 partsof semi-reinforcing filler, either alone or in combination withreinforcing filler, will provide for effective results. The preferredporous filter of the invention is a blend of an organopolysiloxane gumand a silica filler. A proportion of from 20 to 75 parts of filler andfrom O to 20 parts of process aid such as silylamine, silazane, etc. canbe used. Blending is preferably achieved while using an inert gas purge,such as a nitrogen purge. Preferably, 6 to 12 parts of process aid per100 parts of polymer can be employed. The mixture then can be heated forone-half to hours at a temperature between 75 to 200 C.

In the event the cyanoalkylsiloxane is in the form of a fluid or resin,an organic solvent solution of the cyanoalkylsiloxane can be employed totreat various finely divided substrates, such as silica fillers, finelydivided clays, carbon blacks, polyethylene, etc. Treatment also can beachieved by solvent spray, slurry or immersion techniques or with directcontact with the organopolysiloxane vapor, if feasible. Similartechniques can be used to prepare the porous filter of the presentinvention with the organopolysiloxane of Formula l substituted withother polar radicals, such as nitroaryl radicals, fluoroalkyl radicals,etc.

The organopolysiloxane polymer of Formula 1) also can be utilized in thepractice of the invention in the form of a foam. Methods for making suchfoam are shown in US. Pat. No. 3,379,659 Murphy assigned to the sameassignee as the present invention, and Bruner, US. Pat. No. 3,070,555.Murphy teaches for example, that a cyanoalkylsiloxane foam can be madefrom a mixture of a cyanoalkylsiloxane polymer, an aminoxysilane, and asiloxane hydride, by contacting the mixture with atmospheric moisturewhile it is stirred at 25 C.

.Organopolysiloxane foams also can be made by heating organopolysiloxaneelastomer compositions with a blowing agent, such asN,N-dinitroso-N,N-dimethylterephthalamide.

In addition to utilizing the organopolysiloxane of Formula (1) inparticulate form, or in the form of a foam, porous substrates, such aspolyvinyl chloride foams, polyurethane foams, cotton, etc. can betreated with the organopolysiloxane. The organopolysiloxane can beemployed as a liquid or organic solvent solution. A suitable organicsolvent is one which does not impair the porousity of the substrate,while providing for the dispersion of the organopolysiloxane through thefibers or pores of the porous substrate. Some of the organic solventswhich can be employed are for example, acetone, methylethyl ketone,ethyl acetate, etc.

In order that those skilled in the art will be better able to practicethe invention, the following examples are given by way of illustrationand not by way of limitation. All parts are by weight.

EXAMPLE 1 A porous organopolysiloxane powder was made by millingtogether 35 parts of a silica aerogel and 100 parts of a silanolcontaining organopolysiloxane polymer having terminal trimethylsiloxyunits and composed of about 50 mole per cent ofmethyl-beta-cyanoethylsiloxy chemically combined with about 50 mole percent of dimethylsiloxy units. During the milling of the polymer and thefiller there was added 8 parts of hexamethylcyclotrisilazane. Themixture was agitated in a dough-mixer at room temperature under anitrogen atmosphere. The batch was then cooked for 4 hours at about Cutilizing a nitrogen purge. There was obtained a finely dividedsnow-white powder.

Several cigarettes having a cellulose acetate filter as described inSpear et al., US. Pat. No. 3,246,655 were machine smoked for an averageof about 4 minutes utilizing an open end manometer at a partial pressureof from l0 mm. to 35 mm. Torr. The smoke was continuously passed intoacetone. When a length of 50 mm. was completely consumed, the acetonewas evaporated. The weight of particulate matter derived from the smokewas measured.

An equivalent number of the above cellulose acetate filter cigaretteswere altered by severing the overwrap and removing a 5 mm. section fromthe middle of the cellulose acetate filters of each of the cigarettes.Each of the filter chambers resulting from the respective cigaretteswere filled with about 0.1 g. of the above porousbeta-cyanoethylsiloxane powders. The overwrap on each of the filters wasthen taped with a pressure sensitive adhesive tape. The cigarettes werethen machine smoked and the particulate matter from each of thecigarettes was measured in accordance with the above procedure.

The following table shows the results obtained, where the weight ofparticulate matter passed through the filter is shown in mg and powderindicates the organopolysiloxane in particulate form:

Powder Particulate Matter Yes 4.4 No l 3 .4

EXAMPLE 2 An organopolysiloxane foam having beta-cyanoethyl radicalsattached to silicon is prepared in accordance with the teaching of US.Pat. No. 3,379,659 Murphy.

One hundred parts of a silanol-terminated organopolysiloxane composed ofabout 50 mole per cent of dimethylsiloxy units chemically combined withabout 50 mole per cent of beta-cyanoethylsiloxy units having a viscosityof about 50,000 centipoises at 25 C, is mixed under substantiallyanhydrous conditions with methyl-tris-(N,N-diethylaminoxy)-silane, 20parts of fume silica and a siloxane hydride having a viscosity of about20 centipoises at 25 C. The siloxane hydride consists essentially ofchemically combined methylhydrogensiloxy units and terminated withtrimethylsiloxy units. The ratio of N,N-diethylaminoxy radicals tosilanol radicals in the resulting mixture is about 8.5 to l. The mixtureis allowed to contact the atmosphere while being stirred. A cured foamhaving a density of about 0.2 g per cc is obtained after 6 to 8 hours. Acylindrical plug having about an 8 mm. diameter and 20 mm. length is cutfrom the foamed mass.

Following the procedure of Example I, a 10 mm. section of the celluloseacetate filter is removed from several cigarettes and replaced with anequivalent volume of the above foam. The cigarettes are then machinesmoked until 50 mm. is consumed. It is found that the average weight ofparticulate matter derived from the smoke of cigarettes containing theplug of ,B-cyanoethylsiloxy foam is substantially less than 13.4 mg.

EXAMPLE 3 A polyurethane plug having about an 8 mm. diameter and a 20mm. length and a volume weight of about 40 Kg/M, is immersed for severalhours at room temperature in a 50 per cent by weight methylethyl ketonesolution of a ,B-cyanoethylsiloxane fluid. The B-cyanoethylsiloxanefluid consists of about 66 36 mole per cent of B-cyanoethylsiloxy unitschemically combined with about 33 6 mole per cent dimethylsiloxy unitsand chain-stopped with trimethylsiloxy units. The treated filter isallowed to air dry under atmospheric conditions for 4 hours and then cutinto several 10 mm. plugs.

The procedure of Example 2 is repeated except that in place of the plugsof organopolysiloxane, polyurethane plugs are inserted into the mm.spaces of the cellulose acetate filters. It is found that the averageamount of particulate matter passed by the machine smoked cigarettescontaining the treated polyurethane plugs is substantially less than13.4 mg.

EXAMPLE 4 An organopolysiloxane oil having a molecular weight of 3,500and a mixture of meta-nitrophenyl radicals and methyl radicals attachedto silicon is prepared in accordance with the teaching of Bailey et al.,US. Pat. No. 3,375,218. There is equilibrated a mixture of 31.2 parts ofmeta-nitrophenyl, hepta-methylcyclo-tetrasiloxane, 3.8 parts ofdodecamethyltetrasiloxane and 0.175 parts of concentrated sulphuricacid. The mixture is then allowed to stand for several hours at ambienttemperatures, washed, dried and filtered. The mixture is then stripped.

A cylindrical polyvinyl foam plug having a volume weight of about Kg/Mand dimensions of about 8 mm. X 20 mm. is immersed into a per cent byweight ethyl acetate solution of the above meta-nitrophenyl siloxane.After 4 hours the polyvinyl chloride plug is removed and allowed to airdry. It is cut into several 10 mm. plugs. The procedure of Example 2 isrepeated, except the meta-nitrophenylsiloxane polyvinyl treated foamplug is used in place of the organopolysiloxane foam plug. It is foundthat the cigarettes containing the metanitrophenylsiloxane plugs passconsiderably less than 13.4 mg of particulate matter after they aremachine smoked by the above describedtest procedure.

EXAMPLE 5 A porous organopolysiloxane powder is made in accordance withthe method of Example 1, except that in place of thebeta-cyanoethylsiloxane polymer, there is employed an organopolysiloxanepolymer composed of about 50 mole per cent ofmethyltetrafluorobutylsiloxy units chemically combined with about 50mole per cent of a mixture of dimethylsiloxy units and methylvinylsiloxyunits and terminal trimethylsiloxy units. I

The above tetratluorobutyl-substituted siloxane polymer is made inaccordance with the method of Example 7 of US. Pat. No. 3,360,538 Ashby.A mixture of 64 1/2 parts of 2,4,6-tris-( 3 ,3,4',4'-tetrafluorobutyl),1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane is equilibrated with 25.5 parts ofoctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and a minor-amount of methylvinylsiloxaneutilizing a tetrabutylphosphonate catalyst at a temperature of 105 C.The resulting polymeris thereafter milled with filler and a process aidin accordance with the method of Example 1. A cellulose acetate filtertip cigarette containing about 0.1 gram of the poroustetrafluorobutylsiloxane powder is found to pass substantially less than13.4 mg of particulate matter when machine smoked by the testing methodof Example 1.

Although the foregoing examples have been limited to only a few of thevery many variables within the scope of the present invention, it shouldbe understood that the present invention is directed to a much broaderclass of porous organopolysiloxane filters, in the form of powders,foams and treated porous structures as illustrated in the drawings andthe foregoing description preceding these examples.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is; t

1. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from combustion fumesor smoke passing through a conduit comprising a porous container havinga cross-section at least the'size of the diameter of said conduit withsaid container being located at the outlet of said conduit so that thesmoke will flow through said container and filter material filling saidcontainer which filter material is formed from small particles of anorganopolysiloxane of the formula:

where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of cyanoalkyl, fiuoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R is amonovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3,inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and the sum of a b hasa value equal to l to 3, inclusive, mixed with up to about 300 parts offiller.

2. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from combustion fumesor smoke passing through a conduit comprising aporous container having across-section at least the size of the diameter of said conduit withsaid container being located at the outlet of said conduit so that thesmoke will flow through said container and a filter foam materialfilling said container which filter foam'material is formed from anorganopolysiloxane of the formula,

)a( )b (4 a b)l2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selectedfrom the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, 'fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl,arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl andnitroaryl, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, in-

clusive, and the sum of a b has a value equal to l to 3, inclusive,mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler and a process aid.

3. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from combustion fumesor smoke passing through a conduit comprising a porous foam substratehaving a cross-section at least the size of the diameter of said conduitwithsaid substrate being located at the outlet of said conduit so thatthe smoke will flow through said substrate which substrate is treated.with an organopolysiloxane of the formula:

where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, and nitroaryl, R is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has avalue of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and the sum of a b has a value equal to lto 3, inclusrve.

4. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from tobacco smokecomprising acylindrical tube having about the diameter of a cigarettefilled with small particles formed from an or ganopolysiloxane of theformula:

)a( )b (4 a b)I2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selectedfrom the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl,arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl andnitroaryl, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5,- inclusive, and the sumof a b has a value equal to l to 3, inclusive, mixed with up to about300 parts of filler.

5. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from tobacco smokecomprising a cylindrical tube having about the diameter of a cigarettefilled with a cylindrical rod of foam material formed from anorganopolysiloxane of the formula:

where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R is amonovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3,inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and the sum of a b hasa value equal to l to 3, inclusive, mixed with up to about 300 parts offiller and a process aid. 6. A filter for filtering out particulatematter from tobacco smoke comprising a cylindrical tube having about'thediameter of a cigarette filled with a cylindrical rod constructed from aporous foam substrate which rod is treated with an organopolysiloxane ofthe formula:

)a( )o 4 a m/2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selectedfrom the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl,arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl and nitroaryl, R is amonovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3,inclusive, b has a value ofO to 2.5, inelusive, and the sum of a b has avalue equal to l to 3, inclusive.

7. A process for removing particulate matter from tobacco smokecomprising placing adjacent an amount of tobacco particles having twoends such that one end is burning, a porous filter with two ends whichcontains therein an organopolysiloxane of the formula:

where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of eyanoalkyl, fiuoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl and nitroaryl, R is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has avalue of to 2.5, inclusive, and the sum ofa b has a value equal to l to3, inclusive, and applying suctions to one end of said filter which isaway from said tobacco so as to draw the tobacco smoke through saidfilter.

8. The process of claim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with particles formed from a mixture of saidorganopolysiloxane and up to about 300 parts filler.

9. The process of claim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with a porous foam constructed from saidorganopolysiloxane, up to about 300 parts of filler and a process aid.

10. The process of claim 8 wherein said organopolysiloxane consistsessentially of beta-cyanoethylsiloxy units and dimethylsiloxy units.

11. The process of claim 8 wherein said particles are formed from ablend of 100 parts of beta-cyanoethylsiloxane composed of about 50 moleper cent of chemically combined betacyanoethyl, methylsiloxy units andabout 50 mole per cent of dimethylsiloxy units and 75 parts ofsilicafiller.

12. The process of claim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with a rod constructed from a porous substrateselected from the group consisting of polyurethane and polyvinylchlorideand which is treated with said organopolysiloxane.

13. A process for removing particulate matter from smoke comprisingplacing in the path of said smoke a filter which contains therein anorganopolysiloxane of the formula:

where R is a monovalent polar organic radical selected from the groupconsisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl,carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, and nitroaryl, R is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has avalue of 0 to 2.5, inelusive, and the sum ofa b has a value of equal to1 to 3, inclusive.

14. The process of claim 13 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with particles fonned from a mixture of saidorganopolysiloxane and up to about 300 parts of filler.

15. The process of claim 13 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with a porous foam constructed from saidorganopolysiloxane, up to about 300 parts of filler and a process aid.

16. The process of claim 14 wherein said organopolysiloxane consistsessentially of beta-cyanoethylsiloxy units and dimethylsiloxy units.

17. The process of claim 14 wherein said particles are formed from ablend of parts of beta-cyanoethylsiloxane composed of about 50 mole percent of chemically combined beta-cyanoethyl, methylsiloxy units andabout 50 mole per cent of dimethylsiloxy units and 35 parts of silicafiller.

18. The process of claim 13 wherein the filter comprises a cylindricaltube which is filled with a rod constructed from a porous substrateselected from the group consisting of polyurethane and polyvinylchlorideand which substrate is treated with said organopolysiloxane.

2. A filter for filtering out particulate matter from combustion fumesor smoke passing through a conduit comprising a porous container havinga cross-section at least the size of the diameter of said conduit withsaid container being located at the outlet of said conduit so that thesmoke will flow through said container and a filter foam materialfilling said container which filter foam material is formed from anorganopolysiloxane of the formula, (R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is amonovalent polar organic radical selected from the group consisting ofcyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl,carbalkoxyalkyl, uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R'' is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical, a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has avalue of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and the sum of a + b has a value equal to1 to 3, inclusive, mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler and aprocess aid.
 3. A filter for filtering out particulate matter fromcombustion fumes or smoke passing through a conduit comprising a porousfoam substrate having a cross-section at least the size of the diameterof said conduit with said substrate being located at the outlet of saidconduit so that the smoke will flow through said substrate whichsubstrate is treated with an organopolysiloxane of the formula:(R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radicalselected from the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl,nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, andnitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equalto 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and thesum of a + b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive.
 4. A filter forfiltering out particulate matter from tobacco smoke comprising acylindrical tube having about the diameter of a cigarette filled withsmall particles formed from an organopolysiloxane of the formula:(R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radicalselected from the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl,nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl,uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, ahas a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5,inclusive, and the sum of a + b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive,mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler.
 5. A filter for filteringout particulate matter from tobacco smoke comprising a cylindrical tubehaving about the diameter of a cigarette filled with a cylindrical rodof foam material formed from an organopolysiloxane of the formula:(R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radicalselected from the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl,nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl,uriedoalkyl and nitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, ahas a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5,inclusive, and the sum of a + b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive,mixed with up to about 300 parts of filler and a process aid.
 6. Afilter for filtering out particulate matter from tobacco smokecomprising a cylindrical tube having about the diameter of a cigarettefilled with a cylindrical rod constructed from a porous foam substratewhich rod is treated with an organopolysiloxane of the formula:(R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is a monovalent polar organic radicalselected from the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl,nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl andnitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equalto 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and thesum of a + b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive.
 7. A process forremoving particulate matter from tobacco smoke comprising placingadjacent an amount of tobacco particles having two ends such that oneend is burning, a porous filter wiTh two ends which contains therein anorganopolysiloxane of the formula: (R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is amonovalent polar organic radical selected from the group consisting ofcyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl, nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl,carbalkoxyalkyl and nitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical,a has a value equal to 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5,inclusive, and the sum of a + b has a value equal to 1 to 3, inclusive,and applying suctions to one end of said filter which is away from saidtobacco so as to draw the tobacco smoke through said filter.
 8. Theprocess of claim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical tube whichis filled with particles formed from a mixture of saidorganopolysiloxane and up to about 300 parts filler.
 9. The process ofclaim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical tube which is filledwith a porous foam constructed from said organopolysiloxane, up to about300 parts of filler and a process aid.
 10. The process of claim 8wherein said organopolysiloxane consists essentially ofbeta-cyanoethylsiloxy units and dimethylsiloxy units.
 11. The process ofclaim 8 wherein said particles are formed from a blend of 100 parts ofbeta-cyanoethylsiloxane composed of about 50 mole per cent of chemicallycombined beta-cyanoethyl, methylsiloxy units and about 50 mole per centof dimethylsiloxy units and 75 parts of silica filler.
 12. The processof claim 7 wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical tube which isfilled with a rod constructed from a porous substrate selected from thegroup consisting of polyurethane and polyvinylchloride and which istreated with said organopolysiloxane.
 13. A process for removingparticulate matter from smoke comprising placing in the path of saidsmoke a filter which contains therein an organopolysiloxane of theformula: (R)a(R'')bSiO(4 a b)/2 where R is a monovalent polar organicradical selected from the group consisting of cyanoalkyl, fluoroalkyl,nitroalkyl, arylsulfonylalkyl, carbamylalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, andnitroaryl, R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a has a value equalto 0.1 to 3, inclusive, b has a value of 0 to 2.5, inclusive, and thesum of a + b has a value of equal to 1 to 3, inclusive.
 14. The processof claim 13 wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical tube which isfilled with particles formed from a mixture of said organopolysiloxaneand up to about 300 parts of filler.
 15. The process of claim 13 whereinthe filter comprises a cylindrical tube which is filled with a porousfoam constructed from said organopolysiloxane, up to about 300 parts offiller and a process aid.
 16. The process of claim 14 wherein saidorganopolysiloxane consists essentially of beta-cyanoethylsiloxy unitsand dimethylsiloxy units.
 17. The process of claim 14 wherein saidparticles are formed from a blend of 100 parts ofbeta-cyanoethylsiloxane composed of about 50 mole per cent of chemicallycombined beta-cyanoethyl, methylsiloxy units and about 50 mole per centof dimethylsiloxy units and 35 parts of silica filler.
 18. The processof claim 13 wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical tube which isfilled with a rod constructed from a porous substrate selected from thegroup consisting of polyurethane and polyvinylchloride and whichsubstrate is treated with said organopolysiloxane.